Section C
Directions : There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA.,B., I C ] and ~ D ]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage.
More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are con- trolled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.
Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the ,crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗)the most confidential (保密)records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.
It can be concluded from the passage that
A.it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today
B.people commit computer crimes at the request of their company
C.computer criminals escape punishment because they can't be detected
D.computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions
58、 It is implied in the third paragraph that
A.most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck
B.the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem
C.most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes
D.many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered
59、 Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?
A.A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.
B.Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation.
C.Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.
D.Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.
60、 What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?
A.With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.
B.They may walk away and easily find another job.
C.They will be denied access to confidential records.
D.They must leave the country to go to jail.
61、 The passage is mainly about
A.why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment
B.why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections
C.how computer criminals manage to get good recommendations from their former employers
D.why computer crimes can't be eliminated
62、Questions 62-71 are based on the following passage.
The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For exampie, some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic( 适合于节食者), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire .insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate, her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ______
A.stressing their high quality
B.convincing him of their low price
C.maintaining a balance between quality and price
D.appealing to his buying motives
63、 The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that______
A.thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B.the loaf was cut into regular slices
C.the bread was not genuine bread
D.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
64、 The third paragraph tells us that______
A.sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
B.advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need
C.the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
D.fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment~'
65、 It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should______
A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
B.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C.be familiar with various advertising strategies
D.avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
66、 The passage is mainly about______
A.how to make a wise buying decision
B.ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C.the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D.the function of advertisements in promoting sales
