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2019年大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题：幸福
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true hap piness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children,professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life i s filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couple who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
这是一篇议论文，阐述了幸福的获得这一严肃主题，试图澄清人们在幸福问题上的一些误解。
1. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .
A) he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B) he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C) he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D) he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
2. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is _______.
A) a moral duty B) a thankless job
C) a rewarding task D) a source of inevitable pain
3. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _______.
A) hatred B) misunderstanding
C) prejudice D) ignorance
4. To understand what true happiness is one must _______.
A) have as much run as possible during one's lifetime
B) make every effort to liberate oneself from pain
C) put up with pain under all circumstances
D) be able to distinguish happiness from fun
5. What is the author trying to tell us?
A) Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.
B) One must know how to attain happiness.
C) It is important to make commitments.
D) It is pain that leads to happiness.
参考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]根据第3段第1句话，不难得知A项正确。
2、[答案及分析]：[C]依据为第4段的意义：“有婴儿的父母若能睡一夜整觉或度上一个三天的假期，那真是太幸运了。我认识的为人父母的人中，没有谁认为抚养小孩子fun(好玩)。但是，决定不要孩子的夫妻永远也不会体会到看着孩子成长以及孙儿玩耍的那种快乐。”据此可排除A、B、D项而选C。
3、[答案及分析]：[B]最后一段的意思是：“真正的幸福与fun无关，这样一种观念使得我们不得envy，因为我们已经理解到那些总是充满fun的人实际上可能并不幸福。”也就是说，我们原先所以有envy,是存在误解(misunderstand)。
4、[答案及分析]：[D]第1段和第2段的第1句话及第3、4段所举的论据及第5段的意思都表明D项正确。
5、[答案及分析]：[A]作者在第1段就否定了好玩、无痛苦就等于幸福这一观点，明确提出自己的看法：实际上，导致幸福的事情多半伴随着痛苦。随后几段都在论证这一观点。很明显，A项正确。
2019年大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题：省钱健身新趋势
Economy Will Drive Workout Habits
Money or the lack of it, changes everything, and that includes how people will be working out in 2010.
In these belt -tightening times, cost-conscious workouts at home and at the gym topped the list of fitness trends for this year in a survey, followed by shorter, more time-efficient regimens, such as boot camp and circuit training.
"People are looking for ways to accomplish as much as possible with as little time and money as necessary," said Cedric Bryant, chief science officer of the American Council on Exercise (ACE), which conducted the online poll of fitness professionals.
"Last year "budget-onscious" was on the list but this year the majority of the respondents put it as one of the top," he added.
Bryant said some 600 ACE-certified fitness professionals responded to the annual poll, which the non-profit organization has been conducting for a decade.
Other money-saving measures, such as the shift from personal training sessions to small group training classes and in-home workouts using smaller, more portable equipment, also made the list.
"Personal trainers are seeing they've got to respond to market needs. Working with two to four clients at a time they can charge less but still get their hourly fee," Bryant said.
Boot-camp workouts and circuit training, both of which burn calories while building strength and endurance, will be among the most popular trends in 2010, as time-constrained consumers seek shorter, more intense regimens.
One bright spot is the rise of exergaming-type systems, like Nintendo's Wii Sports, Wii Fit and the PC-based Dancetown. Bryant says the fitness-based video games are turning up in health clubs and senior centers.
Functional training workouts, which are geared to improving the quality of life and the ability to perform everyday tasks, will remain strong, and the use of computerized tracking and online training and scheduling tools will increase in the coming year.
省钱健身新趋势
有钱或者没钱能够改变一切，这其中包括在2010年人们锻炼身体的方式。
一项针对今年健身流行趋势的调查显示，在当下需要勒紧裤腰带过日子的时期，人们将在家和健身房用省钱的方法健身列为首选，其次是强力瘦身训练和循环训练这种更省时间的强化锻炼方式。
美国锻炼协会对健身领域的专业人士开展了这一在线调查。该协会的科技总监塞德里克·布莱恩特说：“人们希望能尽量少花时间、少花钱，达到最好的效果。”
他说：“去年，‘预算’被列为需要考虑的因素，但今年大部分受访者将其列为最重要的考虑因素之一。”
布莱恩特说，约600名经美国锻炼协会认证的专业人士参与了这一年度调查。这一非盈利机构开展该调查已有10年的历史。
受访者列出的其他省钱办法包括从私教课程转为集体课，以及使用更小更便携的器材在家锻炼等。
布莱恩特说：“私人教练觉得必须跟上市场形势。他们可以一次同时辅导2-4个客户，这样可以降低收费，但仍可以保证收入。”
由于人们时间紧迫，耗时少、强度大的健身方式更受青睐，2010年最受欢迎的健身项目将是强力瘦身训练和循环训练，这两种方式既可以燃烧脂肪，又可以增强力量和耐力。
健身游戏的兴起成为其中的一个亮点，如任天堂的Wii运动游戏、Wii Fit平衡板和需在电脑上使用的Dancetown游戏。布莱恩、特说，健身类视频游戏越来越多地出现在健康俱乐部和老人中心。
以功能性训练为目的的健身将继续保持强劲势头，这种锻炼方式主要是为了提高生活质量和完成日常工作的能力，此外，计算机眼踪、在线训练和排程工具的使用在来年也会增加。
句型讲解：
1. In these belt-tightening times, cost-conscious workouts at home and at the gym topped the list of fitness trends for this year in a survey, followed by shorter. more time-efficient regimens, such as boot camp and Circuit training.
本句是一个简单句。句子的主干是 cost-conscious workouts at home and at the gym topped the list of fitness trends.后面followed by...circuit training过去分词短语作伴随状语。such as表示举例。
语法重点：分词短语作状语
2. Boot-camp workouts and circuit training, both of which burn calories while building strength and endurance, will be among the most popular trends in 2010, as time-constrained consumers seek shorter, more intense regimens.
本句是一个复合句，主句是 Boot-camp workouts and circuit training will be among the most popular trends in 2010. which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Boot-camp workouts and circuit training。其中 while building strength and endurance为时间状语从句的的省略形式，省略了主语。as引导原因状语从句。
语法重点：定语从句，原因状语从句
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