初中英语语法:英语中考语法(三)代词专题复习(2)

2011-05-21 11:56:04 复数动词名词
英语中考语法(三)代词专题复习(2)》由留学英语组编辑整理(m.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

《GO FOR IT!》英语中考语法(三)代词专题复习(2)

(第七周复习内容)

12 every , no, all, both, neither, nor

1)不定代词有
all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。

2) 不定代词的功能与用法

a.除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。
I have no idea about it.

b.all 都,指三者以上。
all 的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。
All goes well. 一切进展得很好。
all 通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说 all the book,而说 the whole book。
但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如 all day,all night,all the year; 但习惯上不说 all hour,all century。
all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如 all China,all the city,all my life, all the way

3) both都,指两者。
a.both 与复数动词连用,但 both… and…可与单数名词连用。

b.both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前, be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。
Who can speak Japanese?We both (all) can.

4)neither两者都不
a.neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
b. 作定语与单数名词连用,但neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。
c.可用于下列句型,避免重复。
She can't sing,neither (can) he.


neither 与nor
d.如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用 nor。
If you don't do it,neither should I.如果你不干,我也不干。
e. 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。
He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate.
13 none, few, some, any, one, ones

一、 none 无
1) none作主语,多与of 构成短语 none of。在答语中,none可单独使用。
Are there any pictures on the wall?None.
2) none作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。
It is none of your business.

二、few 一些,少数
few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。

三、some 一些
1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。
2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain)
You will be sorry for this some day.
总有一天,你会后悔这件事的。
A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.
某些人不同意你的看法。

注意:
(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。
(2)some用于其他句式中:
a.肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。
Would you like句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:
Would you like some coffee?
b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:
If you need some help,let me know.
c. some位于主语部分,
Some students haven't been there before.
d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句。如:
I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.
这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。

四、any 一些
1)any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。
当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句。
Here are three novels. You may read any.这有三本小说,你可任读一本。

五、one, ones 为复数形式
ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some, any,而不
用ones。
Have you bought any rulers?Yes,I 've bought some.

14 代词比较辩异 one,that 和it

one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。
I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)
我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)
你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)
我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。
15 one/another/the other

one… the other只有两个
some… the others 有三个以上
one… another,another…
some… others,others…
others = other people/things
the others = the rest剩余的全部

1) 泛指另一个用another。
2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。
3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。
4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。
5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。

16 “the”的妙用

He is one of the students who help me.
He is the one of the students who helps me.
他是帮我的学生之一。


第一句定语从句与the students 一致。
第二句定语从句与the one 一致。
17 anyone/any one;no one/none;every/each

1.anyone 和 any one
anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。

2.no one 和none
a) none 后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。


b) none 作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。

None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。


---- Did any one call me up just now?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?
---- No one. --没有。

3.every 和each
1)every 强调全体的概念, each强调个体概念。
Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。
Each student may have one book..每个学生都可有一本书。

2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。

3)every 只作形容词,不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。
Every student has to take one.
Each boy has to take one.
Each of the boys has to take one.

4)every不可以作状语,each可作状语。

5)every 有反复重复的意思,如 every two weeks等; each没有。

6)every 与not 连用,表示部分否定; each 和not连用表示全部否定。
Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。
Each man is not honest.这儿每个人都不诚实。

18 both, either, neither, all, any, none

这些词都可用作代词或形容词。其位置都在be 动词之后,行为动词之前或第一助动词之后。


1)both (两者都),either(两者中任何一个), neither (两者都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。
Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。

2) both,either
both与复数连用,either与单数连用。

Both the boys are clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
Either of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
There are flowers on both sides of the street.
(两岸)
There are flowers on either side of the street.
(岸的两边)
路边长满了野花。


3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一个), none (都不)。以上词使用范围为三者以上。
All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了。
I don't like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。
I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。


注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。
All of the students are there.
所有的学生都在那。
All (of) the milk is there.
所有的牛奶都在那。

19 many, much

Many,much都意为"许多", many + 可数名词,much + 不可数名词。
How many people are there at the meeting?
How much time has we left?
Many of the workers were at the meeting.
Much of the time was spent on learning.
20 few, little, a few, a little

(a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词
a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点
few / little为否定含义,没有多少了。
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。
There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。

典型例题:
Although he 's wealthy,he spends___ on clothes.
A. little B. fewC. a little D. a few
答案: A. spend所指的是钱,不可数,只能用little或 a little. 本句为although引导的让步状语从句,由句意知后句为否定含义,因此应用little表示几乎不。

固定搭配:
only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many)
many a (=many)
Many books were sold.
Many a book was sold.
卖出了许多书。

《英语中考语法(三)代词专题复习(2)》由留学英语组编辑整理(m.liuxue86.com)
分享

热门关注

热门问答