高考英语语法:高中英语语法-逗号考点全析

2011-06-04 08:52:22 逗号从句主句
《高中英语语法-逗号考点全析》由留学liuxue86.com编辑整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

逗号考点全析

标点符号在英语中往往易被同学们所忽略。其实正确掌握标点符号,尤其是逗号,对分析句子结构与解题有着十分重要的作用。

一 . 逗号用于并列成分之间。如果并列成分只有两个,且已有连词连接,则不须再用逗号连接;但三个或三个以上的并列成分之间,除最后两个并列成分用连词连接外,其余均须用逗号隔开。如:

1. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her cousin.

A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy

析:答案为 A 项。句中三个谓语动词相连,时态一致,属“ A,B and C ”句型。

2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.

A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make

析:答案为 B 项。句中的两个不定式短语作表语,其间并无连词连接,这时第二个不定式符号 to 应保留,且第二个不定式前要用逗号与主句隔开,以区分表示目的的不定式。

二 . 逗号用于同位语、定语与句子的其他部分之间。如:

3. Greenland, _______ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.

A. it is the largest B. that is the largest

C. is the largest D. the largest

析:答案为 D 项。句中 Greenland 后面逗号的部分,在没有连词的情况下不可为 A 项的分句; B 项因 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句而被排除; C 项因缺少引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词 which 而被排除。句中 the largest island in the world 作 Greenland 的同位语。

4. The Olympic Games _______ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.

A. first playing B. to be first played

C. first played D. to be first playing

析:答案为 C 项。句中两逗号之间是过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于非限制性定语从句 which was first played…… ,强调动作的被动,并且表明该动作在说话时已经完成。

三 . 逗号用于作状语的分词短语前后。如:

5. European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.

A. making B. makes

C. made D. to make

析:答案为 A 项。若选 B 项或 C 项,句子就会因缺少连词或主语而被排除。逗号在英语中不是并列连词,所以其前面的结构如果是主句,则其后面的就应是从句或短语。 A 项和 D 项分别为现在分词与不定式,都可以作状语,但不定式作状语置于句尾时,除句中有插入成分,一般不用逗号隔开,故只能选 A 项。

四 . 逗号用于 with 的复合结构与主句之间。如:

6. _______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

A. As B. For C. With D. Through

析:答案为 C 项。 with 的复合结构作状语且置于句首时,其后通常要用逗号与主句隔开。

五 . 逗号用于非限制性定语从句的前后。如:

7. Carol said that the work would be done by October, _______ personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

析:答案为 D 项。英语中,非限制性定语从句通常要与主句用逗号隔开, which 引导的非限制性定语从句通常要置于句尾,起补充说明的作用。

六 . 逗号用于置于句首的状语从句后;但从句置后时,也可用逗号与主句隔开。如:

8. _______, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A. However late is he B. However he is late

C. However is he late D. However late he is

析:答案为 D 项。 however 引导的让步状语从句置于句首时,其后通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 however 引导的让步状语从句后通常要紧跟形容词或副词,但主谓并不倒装。

七 . 逗号用于两个并列单句之间,且逗号后面须接连词。如:

9. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didn’t help.

A. he B. which C. she D. it

析:答案为 D 项。 but 连接两个并列的句子,其后面的句子缺少主语,故选 it ,指代前面已被提及过的同一事物。

河南 刘新会

《高中英语语法-逗号考点全析》由留学liuxue86.com编辑整理
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