英语资源网:考研英语阅读理解部分试题解析[1]
2011-08-01 17:11:18 高考
题
题干要求考生判断文章作者对“油价上涨”这个现象所持的态度。作者大篇幅地给出理由说明这次油价上涨的后果不会很严重。文章第一段谈到，“有充足的理由相信这次油价上涨在经济上造成的后果不会像1970年代那样严重”，最后一段又谈到，“大可不必因为油价上涨而失眠”。可见A选项“optimistic”（乐观）是作者的真正态度。B选项“sensitive”（敏感）、C选项“gloomy”（悲伤）和D选项“scared”（害怕）都不正确。
三、文章长难句解析
①So where are the headlineswarning of gloom and doom this time? “headline”指“新闻报纸中的头版新闻”，一般报道极其重要的事情。“gloom”意为“忧郁、失望”，“doom”意为“死亡、毁灭、劫数、厄运”。该句译为：那么这次警告人们厄运来临的头版新闻都到那里去了？这里是作者介绍完最近发生的油价上涨后提出的问题，其含义是问为什么这次人们好象没有以前那么担心。接下来文章就谈到不值得担心的原因。
②Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the pricehigher still in the short term.该句的主干是“economic growth could push the price higher”，“Strengthening”是分词做形容词，意味“力量越来越强劲的”， 逗号之间是插入成分。全句译为：强劲的经济增涨势头，加上冬季笼罩了北半球，可能在短期内使油价涨得更高。
③One more reason not to losesleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, ithas not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflationand global excess demand.该句主干是“reason is that it has notoccurred…”，逗号间是插入语，全句可译为：另一个不要因油价上涨而失眠的原因是，这次不同干1970年代，油价上涨并未在商品总价格上涨和全球需求旺盛这种大环境中发生。
2002 Paragraph4
The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carryimportant implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of painand suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right tophysician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principleof “doubleeffect," a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having twoeffects—a good onethat is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intendsonly the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify usinghigh doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even thoughincreasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle willshield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not givepatients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hastendeath."
George Annas, chair of the health lawdepartment at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for alegitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if thepatient uses the drug to hasten death. “It's like surgery," he says. “We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn'tintend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're aphysician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intendtheir suicide."
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that theassisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients forwhom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assistedsuicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-v
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