中考英语动态:中考英语同义句九种类型

2011-09-07 07:34:26 英语复合句中考

同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型,其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子,第一句完整,第二句中设有几处空格,要求考生填入适当的词或词组,使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识,要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子,使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析,我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面:

一、运用同义词(组)进行转换

用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:

1. That day we could see flowers everywhere.

That day we could see flowers ____ and ___ .

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always _____ ____ the children well in the school.

3. Some of us are good at telling stories.

Some of us _____ _____ in telling stories.

二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如:

1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It’s clear that this visit is not the ____ ___ last time.

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I __ think wealth is ___ important than health.

3. He lent some money to his friend.

His friend ______ some money _____ him.

三、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、情态动词一致性。如:

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should _____ _____ on time.

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

Computers _____ widely ______ in the world today.

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换

即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager has _____ ______ for two hours.

2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ ______ five minutes.

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li has ____ ___the Party for twenty years.

五、运用不同引语进行转换

即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如:

1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.

He _____ me that he _____ found his wallet.

2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.

He ______ ______ I had seen her last week .

3. He asked me where I had been these days. “Where ___ ___ ___ these days?” he asked.

六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:

1. We didn't go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn't go out for a walk ___ ____ the rain.

2. He was so excited that he couldn't go to sleep.

He was _____ _____ _____ go to sleep.

3. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you how _____ _____ do the work.

4. You should put them back after you use them.

You should put them back _____ _____ them.

5. She seems to be worried now.

It ______ that she ______worried now.

七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换

即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:

1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

____ we _____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.

The man ______ gave us a talk last week _____ give us another talk this week.

八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子

即运用关联连词both...and,neither... nor,either...or, not only...but also,等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither... nor,either...or,not only... but also连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:

1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.

____ Tom ____ Jim can speak Japanese well.

2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.

_____ Alice _____ Peter have read the book.

3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.

This store sells ____ ____ men’s shoes ___ ___ men’s clothes.

九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换

这类典型结构如so…that…, too…to…, enough to, not…until…, so do I等。如:

1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

Jim wants to go boating, and ______ _____ his parents.

2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.

John____ go to bed ___ he finished his homework.

同步训练

第一组

1.Sue doesn’t like pears , Ann doesn’t like , either.

_____ _____ them likes pears.

2.That group of foreign friends came here three years ago.

That group of foreign friends _____ ______ here for three ago.

3.Jim came to school earlier than any other student.

Jim is ______ _____ student to school in his class .

4.Linda prefers apples to pears .

Linda _____ apples _____ ______ pears.

5.John saw that she was playing under the tree.

John saw _____ _____ under the tree.

6.Do you have time this afternoon ?

_____ you _____ this afternoon ?

7.The workers built the bridge in 1998.

The bridge _____ _____ in 1998.

8.Please take care of the baby while I’m out.

Please _____ _____ the baby while I’m out.

9.Put up your hands if you have any questions.

______ _____ if you have any questions.

10.The teacher told us not to talk any more.

The teacher told us to ______ ______.

11.Kate asked “Lucy , could you do something for me ,please ?”

Kate asked Lucy ______ ______ could do something for me .

12.I like football as much as Bob.

Bob likes football , and _____ ______ I.

13.If you don’t hurry up , you won’t be able to catch the early bus.

Hurry up, _____ you’ll _____ the early bus.

14.Have you got a letter from Kate?

Have you ______ _____ Kate ?

15.There was a strong wind last night .

______ _____ strongly last night .

16.All the clothes were either too small or too big for me.

_____ of the clothes were the right ______ for me .

17.The worker cut the metal into pieces with the machine .

The metal ______ _____ into pieces with the machine .

18. “put your things away ”Mrs King said to the twins.

Mrs _____ the twins to put ______ things away.

19.Work hard , and you will catch up with your classmates.

If you don’t work hard , you’ll _____ _____ your classmates .

20.Man must do something to stop air pollution.

Something must _____ _____ to stop air pollution.

21.He became a soldier three years ago.

He _____ _____ in the army for three years.

22. “Where are you from ” I asked the foreigners .

I asked the foreigners where _____ _____ from .

23.The rain was very heavy last night .

It ______ ______ last night .

24.It took me an hour to work out .

I _____ an hour _____ it out .

25.She found that it’s impossible to jump so high .

She found _____ impossible to ______ so high .

26.I saw the boy swim in the river yesterday .

The boy was ______ _____ swim in the river yesterday.

27.This maths problem is not as difficult as that one.

This maths problem is _______ _____ that one .

28.The young man bought the bike for more than 200 yuan.

The bike ______ the young man _____ 200 yuan.

29.The old man doesn’t know which is the way to the supermarket .

The old man doesn’t know _____ _____ get to the supermarket.

30.I wonder what this is called in English .

I wonder what _____ _____ this in English.

31.Mr Brown stopped drinking two months ago .

Mr Brown _____ _____ drinking two years ago.

32.We noticed that he was standing at the school gate .

We noticed _____ _____ at the school gate .

33.If you work hard , you will do well in physics.

_____ _____ , and you will do well in physics.

34.It’s three years since I became a middle school student.

I ______ a middle school student three years _____.

35.Jim has been to the park , I have been there, too.

Jim has been to the park . _____ _____ I .

36.Why don’t you go surfing with us ?

_____ _____ go surfing with us ?

37.He has been away from his home town for ten years.

It’s ten years _____ he ______ his hometown. .

38.Kate wanted to know when her father could take her to Paris.

Kate wanted to know _____ _____ be taken to Paris.

39.The problem is too difficult for me to work out .

The problem isn’t _____ _____ for me to work out .

39.Her father bought the car three months ago .

Her father ______ _____ the car for three months .

40.It’s good for your health to take exercise often.

_____ exercise often can make you ______.

41.I think music is more interesting than art.

I _____ think art is so _____ as music .

42.There will be a football match in our school.

A football match will _____ _____ in our school .

43.If you play basketball here , you may break the windows .

____ play basketball here ,____ you may break the windows.

44.This question is so dofficult that none of my classmates can answer it .

This question is_____ difficult for _____ of my classmates to answer.

45.He left a week ago and isn’t back yet.

He has been _____ _____ a week ago.

46.He is the tallest boy in the class .

_____ of the other boys in the class is as ___

as he.

47.I have lived here all my life.

I have lived _____ I was _____.

48.The town was able to build a school and a hospital after new China was founded .

The town _____ build a school or a hospital _____ new China was founded.

49.Why not ask the man over there ?

Why _____ ____ ask the man over there ?

50.Sam’s grandfather died 10 years ago.

Sam’s grandfather has been _____ ____ 10 years.

第二组

51.I want to know how much your dictionary cost you.

I want to know how much you _____ ____ your dictionary.

52.You’d better speak English as much as possible .

_____ better for ____ to speak English as much as possible .

53.Mr Smith is busy now , He’s writing a book.

Mr Smith is _____ _____ now.

54.The maths problem was very difficult , so none of the students could work it out.

The maths problem was____ difficult for the students _____ work out .

55.Huury up ,or you will be late.

_____ you ____ hurry up , you will be late.

56.Liming’s brother has been in the army for two years.

Liming’s brother ___ the army two years___.

57.He is taller than any other boy in his class .

He is _____ ____ boy in his class .

58.I don’t want to eat anything now .

I don’t ____ ____ eating anything now.

59.One of the twins ,Lucy and Lily will come to help us with our English.

_____ Lucy ____ Lily will come to help us with our English.

60.She amazed us by dancing so beautifully.

We ____ amazed at her _____ dance.

61.Jim asked Peter not to make any noise.

Jim ____ , “Peter , ____ make any noise ”

62.The English evening began half an hour ago.

The English evening ______ _____ on for half an hour.

63.There’s somethingwrong with my washing machine , I’ll ask someone to repair it for me.

I’ll _____ my washing machine ______.

64.We should water the young trees often to make them grow well.

We should water the young trees often _____

_____ they grow well.

65. “Where do you like to go ,Tom ?” Mr Smith asked .

Mr Smith asked Tom where ____ ____ to go.

66.He works in a university with over five thousand students .

He works in a university ____ ____ over five thousand students.

67.Jack doesn’t like swimming , Jim doesn’t either.

Jack doesn’t like swimming , ____ ____ Jim.

68.She came here two days ago.

Two days has ____ ____ she came here.

69.Mr Wang doesn’t work in that factory any longer.

Mr Wang _____ _____ work in that factory.

70.French is not the first language in any of these countries.

French is the frist language in _____ _____

These countries.

71.They found a way to protect the old buildings after they discussed it for two days.

They came ____ with an idea to protect the old buildings after two days’ ______.

72.We found that he was a clever boy.

We found _____ _____.

73.The stone is too heavy for me to lift up.

It’s _____ a heavy stone ____ I can’t lift it up.

74.You can go to play football after you finish your homework.

You can’t go to play football until your homework _____ _____ .

75.I told him all the story .

I told him _____ ____ story.

76.She doesn’t want that book . She wants this one.

She wants this book _____ _____ that one.

77.I like English best at school .

English is my _____ _____ at school .

78.How bad the weather is today !

_____ ____ weather it is today!

79.If you don’t help me . I can’t do it myself .

_____ your ____. I can’t do it myself.

80.She dropped her stick , so she couldn’t catch up with the others.

She ____ _____catch up with the others because she dropped her stick.

81.Kate is the most careful student in her class .

____ ___in her class is more careful than kate.

82.Both his parents were out.

____ his father ____ his mother was at home.

83.I don’t think Chinese is so difficult as maths.

I ____ that Chinese is ____ difficult than maths .

84.I spent over two hundred yuan on the watch .

The watch ____ ____ more than 200 yuan.

85.This bike is the most expensive of the four.

This bike is more expensive than ____ ____ three.

86.He wanted to watch the football match and didn’t want to stay at home .

He wanted to watch the football match ____ _____ staying at home.

87.Although he did what he could do , he still fell behind the others.

He _____ to catch up with the others though he did his best.

88.He hurried to Beijing by plane.

He _____ to Beijing _____ a hurry.

89.She got up too late to go to school on time .

She _____ get up _____ _____ to go school on time.

90.Mr and Mrs Green had a wonderful journey in China last year.

_____ _____ had a wonderful journey in China last year.

91.When I stay in the town , I visited some schools.

_____ my ____ in the town . I visited some schools.

92.He forgot to turn off the light and went out.

He went out _____ the light ______.

93.Two presents were given to me on my birthday.

I ____ _____ two presents on my birthday.

94.I’ve never been to such a beautiful city before.

It’s the _____ beautiful city that I’ve ____ been to.

95.The heavy snow kept the visitors staying on top of the mountain.

The visitors were stopped _____ ____ the top of the mountain .

96.Nobody but Jack jump that high in our class.

_____ _____ can jump that high in our class.

97.I don’t think any of them is interesting .

I’m not ____ ____ any of them.

98.She put on a coat so that she wouldn’t get cold.

She put on a coat _____ ____ not to get cold.

99.I’ve never ridden a horse before .

It’s the _____ time for me to ____ a horse.

100.Kate is the most careful student in her class.

____ ____ student in her class is more careful than Kate.

第三组

101.Neither Marry Nor Tom speaks French .

Marry ____ speak French , nor ____ Tom.

102. “Can I take the books out of the library ?” Kate asked the girl.

Kate asked the girl if the books _____ be ____ out of the library.

103.Can you tell me which is the way to the raiway station?

Can you tell me ____ ____ got to the railway station?

104.Peter is 150cm tall , so is Mike.

Mike is the same _____ _____ Peter.

105.Everyone is here except Tom.

_____ Tom ____ here.

106.My cousin left college when he was 21.

My cousin ____from college at the ___of 21.

107.The light was so light that the doctor could operate.

The light was bright ____ ____ the doctor to operate.

108.Jim didn’t get up early enough to catch the early bus.

Jim _____ the early bus _____ he got up late.

109.What other things did you see in the room?

____ ____ did you see in the room?

110.He spoke loudly at the meeting to let others understand him.

He spoke loudly at the meeting _____ _____

Understood.

111.The population of that city will pass 2 million.

The population of that city will _____ ____ 2

Million.

112.A lot of people in China like football.

Football is ____ ____ a lot of people in China.

113.I have enough money to pay for the computer in the market.

I can ____ to _____ the computer in the market.

114.Some students littered here and there .

Some students _____ the waste things _____.

115.I wonder how I can make myself better.

I wonder how _____ _____ myself.

116.It rained heavily , so he didn’t go to work yesterday.

The _____ rain ____ him going to work yesterday.

117.You;d better not smoke any more .

You’d better ____ ____ smoking.

118.He felt very surprised that there were so many strange people in the room .

He was surprised _____ ____ so many strange people in the room .

119.Why was he so angry just now ?

_____ _____ him so angry just now ?

120.She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.

She got up very early _____ _____ the first bus.

121.Lilei is less careful than his brother .

Lilei isn’t _____ _____ as his brother.

122.The boy whose name is John comes from England.

The boy _____ the _____ John comes from England.

123.I prefer music with great lyrics.

I prefer music _____ _____ great lyrics.

124.We can hear the girls singing in the next room .

The girls can _____ _____ singing in the next room .

125.We finished the work on time because of your help.

_____ _____ your help .We finished the work on tome.

126.Can you tell me where the restaurant is ?

Can you tell me the___ ____ the restaurant ?

127.Masha’s blouse is blue , and Linda’s blouse is blue ,too.

Linda’s blouse is the _____ as Masha’s .

128.We will hold a meeting next Monday.

A meeting will _____ _____ next Monday.

129.Her brother’s job is a little bit dangerous ,and he works very carefully.

Her brother’s job _____ _____ dangerous ,and he works very carefully.

130.How many people are there in the world ?

_____ the _____ of the world ?

131.It seemed that the old woman was worried.

The old woman seemed ____ ____ worried.

132.Luxun wrote the book in 1924.

The book ____ ____ by Luxun in 1924.

133.Can you help me , please ?

Can you ____ me a _____ , please?

134They joined the army 2 years ago.

They have _____ _____ for 2 years.

135.She is new here , Nobody knows what she is called.

She is new here . Nobody knows ____ ____ .

136.Tom didn’t have his breakfast and went to school in a hurry.

Tom ____ to school _____ breakfast .

137.A girl who is 8 years old beat all the other players in the city chess competition.

An _____ girl _____ the city chess competition.

138.Nobody knew where he lived .

Nobody knew _____ his address ______ .

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