中考英语动态:中考英语 “主谓一致”误区一误认主语

2011-09-07 16:51:16 主语谓语介词

句子的核心是谓语动词,谓语动词的确定取决于主语。根据句子含义和结构认准主语是掌握主谓一致的必要条件;弄清主谓一致的语言规则和习惯是掌握主谓一致的充分条件,要正确使用主谓一致,两个条件缺一不可,但同学们往往会走入以下三大误区。

误区一 误认主语

1. 倒装句

①Between the two buildings are a big tree. (×)

②Between the two buildings is a big tree. (√)

[解析] 第①句谓语动词使用are,错误地认为the two buildings是该句的主语,但实际上是介词between的宾语,一起构成介词短语,而介词短语不能充当主语。该句是一个倒装句,真正主语是a big tree.因此第②句正确。

特别提醒 倒装句的常见结构:副词/介词短语+谓语+主语

2. 主语之后带有介词短语

①The fruit like apples, oranges are good for our health. (×)

②The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health. (√)

[解析] 第①句误认为apples, oranges是主语,因此谓语动词用are,而实际上the fruit才是该句的主语,like apples,oranges是介词短语作后置定语修饰the fruit.该句译为“像苹果、桔子之类的水果对我们的身体是有好处的”。因此第②句是正确的。

特别提醒 类似的结构有:主语+with / like / except / but / together with / as well as . . . ,谓语动词应与主语一致,而与介词短语之后的名词无关。

3. one of . . . + 名词复数或复数代词

①There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys are from Canada. (×)

②There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys is from Canada. (√)

[解析] one of the boys的中心词是one,因此谓语动词用单数,造成第①句错误的原因主要是把the boys当成了该句的主语。

4. 定语从句

①I like the photos which was taken in Beijing. (×)

②I like the photos which were taken in Beijing. (√)

[解析] which were taken in Beijing是一个定语从句,用于修饰先行词the photos,而which本身就代替先行词the photos.因此谓语动词要用复数,造成第①句错误的原因是没有弄清楚关系词which的实质,只是从形式上看它是单数。

特别提醒 定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。

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《中考英语 “主谓一致”误区一误认主语》由留学英语组编辑整理(m.liuxue86.com)
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