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2016年12月英语四级答案
【作文】
第一套：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to find a job somewhere and the other to start a business of your own. You are to make a decision. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your decision. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
精彩范文
In the past two years of my college life, I have never ceased to think what kind of work I shall take up upon graduation. Although my ideas are not consistent, I have now decided to start a business of my own as my lifelong career.
A variety of factors have led me to make this decision over other more lucrative ones. To begin with, running my own business means freedom and independence. As a person having my own business, I am free to use my own ideas and make my own decisions, a privilege not everyone can have, even those with highly-paid positions. More importantly, I like starting my own business in that it offers a certain peace of mind. No more rushing to catch a morning bus, no more anxiety to please a boss, no more worries about your paycheck which is steady, if not handsome.
Nothing, not even a big salary, can equal for the satisfaction of being your own boss and a gentle peace of life.
参考译文
在过去两年的大学生活中，我一刻也没有停止过思考：我大学毕业以后要干什么工作。尽管我的想法很多，但我现在已决定，我将开创我自己的事业。
有很多理由使我做出这个选择而不是其他较赚钱职业的决定。首先，创业意味着自由和独立。当一名创业人员我可以有自己想法的自由，有自己作决定的自由，而这个特权不是每一个人，甚至拿高薪的人都能拥有的。其次，我喜欢创业，是因为这个工作给我一份安宁。我无须每天早上去赶汽车，无须为如何讨好老板，如何不落在人家后面而焦虑不安，无须担心自己的工作收入，虽然不那么丰厚，但却十分稳定。
没有什么东西，甚至高工资，可以抵得上自己做主人的乐趣和平静安宁的生活。
亮点词汇
cease停止 take up从事 upon graduation毕业时 although尽管 consistent连续的 lifelong终生的 career职业 a variety of很多 factor原因 lead to导致 lucrative诱惑性的 to begin with首先 freedom自由 independence独立 privilege特权 highly-paid position高薪职位 more importantly更为重要的是 in that由于 offer提供 certain某种 peace安静 rush匆忙 anxiety焦虑 please取悦 paycheck收入 steady稳定的 handsome丰厚的、英俊的 big salary高工资 equal抵得上 satisfaction乐趣、满足 gentle安宁的
道长点评
四级写作已经多次考察情景作文，如：2014-6：What is the Most Interest Place in China(中国最有趣的地方是哪儿)，2014-6：What is the Most Interesting Place in Your Hometown? (你的家乡最有趣的地方是哪儿)， 2014-6：What is the Most Interesting Place in Your Campus?(你们校园最有趣的地方是哪儿)，希望考生引起高度重视。
句型拓展
1、To make my lectures more constructive and stimulating, I have to read more books, explore new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world——the very thing I enjoy in my life.
要使我的课更有启发性，更生动有趣，我就得读更多的书，探索新的知识，对世界要有更好的了解，而这正是我生活中最喜欢干的事。
2、This is inevitable because ours is a society where one’s income is still determined by the knowledge you possess.由于我们社会中一个人的收入仍然由你所拥有的知识所决定，因此这一点不可避免。
3、 With the growing number of college graduates being turned out each year, the situation in the job market is getting tighter and tighter.随着每年毕业的大学毕业生越来越多，就业市场的形势越来越严峻。
第二套：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to work in a state-owned business and the other in a joint venture. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
破题思路：
第一段：话题描述。
第二段：表明观点+阐述原因。
第三段：观点结论。
参考范文：
Upon graduation, virtually all college students will confront the problem of the career choice，which is truly a tough choice. Students' opinions differ greatly on this issue. Some hold that priority should be given to start a business of your own, but others take the attitude that finding a job is the best choice influencing their future.
As to myself, I prefer the latter view. An opportunity to start a business exerts a tremendous fascination on a great number of people, with no exception to me. In my view, With the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce for college graduates， some ambitious students have tried their hands at launching their own businesses. Over the years，there have been many successful cases of student entrepreneurship and such attempts should be encouraged and promoted by both the universities and the society at large. What’s more ,College students who start businesses are pioneers，among whom will be born China’s future business leaders. Faced with unknown challenges， they are audacious enough to embark on a perilous journey while most of their peers enjoy stable salaries by working as white-collars at high-end office buildings.
All in all, the essential difference between the students who find a job or those students who create their own businesses is that the former are docile followers whereas the latter are aggressive trailblazers. For this reason， business-launching college graduates are more admirable， and thus they command our deep respect.
第三套：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
参考范文：
Upon graduation, virtually all college students will confront the problem of the career choice，which is truly a tough choice. Students' opinions differ greatly on this issue. Some hold that priority should be given to take a job, but others take the attitude that going to a graduate school is the most critical factor influencing their future career choices.
As to myself, I prefer the latter view. A higher educational background exerts a tremendous fascination on a great number of people, with no exception to me. This phenomenon that the graduates have difficulties in finding job after their graduation can easily be found anywhere in our daily life, especially on campus. On the one hand, with the improved high education of Chinese college students which directly brought the result that there are more and more graduates every year. On the contrary, job vacancies don’t increase that fast. More people, less food, which is the exact deion of the hard condition. On the other hand, more and more people go on to pursue their master and doctor degree; more and more Chinese oversea students come back to China to hunt better working chances. It is sure that the competition is more and more fierce.
Therefore, it is high time that we took effective measures to improve our own competitiveness. That is the secret of success in the future employment market after our graduation.
命题解析
2016年12月四级写作命题再次体现了强烈的反押题倾向，考察了以前从未考察过的一种情景作文：正反对比型情景作文，类似于以前的老托福写作题目。考察的话题关于大学毕业的选择：第一套题目关于就业与创业，第二套题目关于去国企还是合资企业，第三套关于就业还是考研。这三套题目均来自于2013年考研英语(一)的大作文：大学毕业生的选择。
在2016年12月之前的新东方在线四级写作课程中，笔者详细讲解过情景作文的写法，并提供了十大必背范文供考生背诵，其中第一篇教育、第二篇网络与教育、第四篇课程、第六篇参与、第七篇教育中诸多表达均可使用。只要考生提前背过，应该感觉易如反掌。
2016年10月笔者出版的《四级写作与翻译终极预测20篇》中，第14篇职业选择、第15篇兼职、第16篇情景作文(最爱的工作)、十大万能框架第三篇教育均可使用，其中第14、16篇及第三篇万能框架几乎全文均可使用。下面的精彩范文即来自于第16篇最爱的工作，只改动了主题词。
综上所述，虽然四级写作反押题倾向明显，但只要考生认真准备，取得高分并非难事。
【听力】
卷一·真题:
短文听力1.
Passage One
In college, time is scarce, and consequently, very precious. At the same time, expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly. A part time job is a good way to balance costs while ensuring there is enough time left over for both academic subjects and after-class activities.
If you are a college student looking for a part time job, the best place to start your job search is right on campus. There are tons of on-campus job opportunities, and as a student, you’ll automatically be given hiring priority. Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time, and could be a great way to connect with academic and professional resources at your university. Check with your school’s career service or employment office for help to find a campus job. Of course, there are opportunities for part-time work off-campus, too. If you spend a little time digging for the right part time jobs, you’ll save yourself time when you find a job that leaves you with enough time to get your school work done, too. If you are a college student looking for work but worry you won’t have enough time to devote to academic subjects, consider working as a study hall or a library monitor. Responsibilities generally include supervising study spaces to ensure that a quiet atmosphere is maintained. It’s a pretty easy job, but one with lots of downtime-which means you will have plenty of time to catch up on reading, do homework or study for an exam.
Q16: What does the speaker say about college students applying for on-campus jobs?
Q17: What can students do to find a campus job according to the speaker?
Q18: What does the speaker say is a library monitor’s responsibility?
短文听力2
Passage Two
Agricultural workers in green tea fields near Mt. Kenya are gathering the tea leaves. It is beautiful to see. The rows of tea bushes are straight. All appears to be well. But the farmers who planted the bushes are worried. Nelson Kibara is one of them. He has been growing tea in the Kerugoya area for 40 years.
He says the prices this year have been so low that he has made almost no profit. He says he must grow different kinds of tea if he is to survive.
Mr. Kibara and hundreds of other farmers have been removing some of their tea bushes and planting a new kind of tea developed by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya. Its leaves are purple and brown. When the tea is boiled, the drink has a purple color. Medical researchers have studied the health benefits of the new tea. They say it is healthier than green tea and could be sold for a price that is three to four times higher than the price of green tea.
But Mr. Kibara says he has not received a higher price for his purple tea crop.
He says the market for the tea is unstable and he is often forced to sell his purple tea for the same price as green tea leaves. He says there are not enough buyers willing to pay more for the purple tea.
Q19. Why have tea farmers in Kenya decided to grow purple tea?
Q20. What do researchers say about purple tea?
Q21. What does Mr. Kibara find about purple tea?
短篇新闻2
Section A - 2
Rescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground at a Cargill rock salt mine near Lansing, New York, according to Marcia Lynch.
Public information officer with Tompkins County’s emergency response department, emergency workers have made contact with the miners via a radio. And they all appear to be uninjured, said Jessica Verfuss, the emergency department’s assistant director.
Crews have managed to provide heat packs and blankets to the miners so that they can keep warm during the rescue operation, Verfuss said. Details about what led to the workers’ being trapped in the elevator went immediately available. The mine, along New York’s Cayuga Lake, processes salt used for road treatment. It produces about 2 million tons of salt that is shipped to more than 1,500 places in the northeastern United States, the rock salt mine is one of three operated by Cargill with the other two in Louisiana and Ohio.
Q3. What does the news report say about the salt miners?
Q4.What did the rescue team do?
短篇新闻3
Section A - 3
The U.S. Postal Service announced today that it is considering closing about 3,700 post offices over the next year because of falling revenues.
Facing an $8.3 billion budget deficit this year, closing post officers is one of several proposals the Postal Service has put forth recently to cut costs. Last week, for example, Postmaster General Pat Donahoe announced plans to stop mail delivery on Saturdays, a move he says could save $3 billion annually.
“We are losing revenue as we speak,” Donahoe said. “We do not want taxpayer money. We want to be self-sufficient. So like any other business you have to make choices.”
Dean Granholm the vice president for delivery and post office operations said the first waves of closings would begin this fall. He estimated that about 3,000 postmasters, 500 station managers and between 500 and 1,000 postal clerks could lose their jobs.
Q5.What is the U.S. Postal Service planning to do?
Q6.What measure has been planned to save costs?
Q7.What will happen when the proposed measure come into effect?
长对话1&2
Conversation 1
A: Mrs. Hampton, we've got trouble in the press room this morning.
B: Oh dear. What about?
A: One of the press operators arrived an hour and a half late.
B: But that's a straightforward affair. He will simply lose part of his pay. That's why we have a clock-in system.
A: But the point is the man was clocked-in at 8 o'clock. We have John standing by the time clock, and he swears he saw nothing irregular.
B: Is John reliable?
A: Yes, he is. That's why we chose him for the job.
B: Have you spoken to the man who was late?
A: Not yet. I thought I'd have a word with you first. He's a difficult man, and I think there's been some trouble on the shop floor. I've got a feeling that trade union representative is behind this. The manager told me that Jack Green's been very active around the shop the last few days.
B: Well, what do you want me to do?
A: I was wondering if you'd see Smith, the man who was late, because you are so much better at handling things like this.
B: Oh, alright. I'll see him. I must say I agree with you about there being bad feelings in the works. I've had the idea for some time that Jack Green's been busy stirring things up in connection with the latest wage claim. He's always trying to make trouble. Well, I'll get the manager to send Smith up here.
Q8. What will happen to the press operator who was late for the work according to the woman?
Q9. What does the man say about John who stands by the time clock?
Q10. Why does the man suggest the woman see the worker who was late?
Q11. What does the woman say about Jack Green?
Conversation 2
A: Our topic today is about somethings that foreigners nearly always say when they visit Britain. It's 'Why are the British so cold?' And they're talking about the British personality – the famous British 'reserve'. It means that we aren't very friendly, we aren't very open.
B: So do you think it's true?
A: It's a difficult one. So many people who visit Britain say it's difficult to make friends with British people. They say we're cold, reserved, unfriendly...
B: I think it's true. Look at Americans or Australians. They speak the same language, but they're much more open. And you see it when you travel, people - I mean strangers - speak to you on the street or on the train. British people seldom speak on the train. Or the bus. Not in London, anyway.
A: 'Not in London'. That's it. Capital cities are full of tourists and are never very friendly. People are different in other parts of the country.
B: Not completely. I met a woman once, an Italian. She's been working in Manchester for two years,
and no one - not one of her colleagues - had ever invited her to their home. They were friendly to her at work, but nothing else. She couldn't believe it. She said that would never happen in Italy.
A: You know what they say – 'an Englishman's home is his castle'. It’s really difficult to get inside.
B: Yeah. It's about being private. You go home to your house and your garden and you close the door. It's your place.
A: That's why the British don't like flats. They prefer to live in houses.
B: That’s true.
Q12. What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the woman?
Q13. What may British people typically do one the train according to the man?
Q14. What does the man say about the Italian woman working in Manchester?
Q15. Why do British people prefer houses to flats?
听力参考答案：Section A
1. [A] It was dangerous to live in.
2. [B] A storm
3. [B] They were trapped in an underground elevator.
4. [C] They sent supplies to keep the miners warm.
5. [D] Close some of its post office.
6. [C] Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.
7. [A] Many post office staff will lose their jobs.
Section B
8. [D] He will lose part of his pay.
9. [B] He is a trustworthy guy.
10.[D] She is better at handling such matters.
11.[C] He is always trying to stir up trouble.
12. [D] Reserved
13. [A] They stay quiet
14. [C] She was never invited to a colleague’s home.
15. [B] Houses provide more privacy
Section C
16. [D] They will automatically be given hiring priority.
17. [C] Visit the school careers service.
18. [B] Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.
19. [C] It may be sold at a higher price.
20. [A] It is healthier than green tee.
21. [D] It does not have a stable market.
22. [B] They prefer unique s of high quality.
23. [B] They could only try to create at night.
24. [A] Make wise choices.
25. [A] To boost the local economy.
【阅读】卷一·真题：
Passage One
In college, time is scarce, and consequently, very precious. At the same time, expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly. A part time job is a good way to balance costs while ensuring there is enough time left over for both academic subjects and after-class activities.
If you are a college student looking for a part time job, the best place to start your job search is right on campus. There are tons of on-campus job opportunities, and as a student, you’ll automatically be given hiring priority. Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time, and could be a great way to connect with academic and professional resources at your university. Check with your school’s career service or employment office for help to find a campus job. Of course, there are opportunities for part-time work off-campus, too. If you spend a little time digging for the right part time jobs, you’ll save yourself time when you find a job that leaves you with enough time to get your school work done, too. If you are a college student looking for work but worry you won’t have enough time to devote to academic subjects, consider working as a study hall or a library monitor. Responsibilities generally include supervising study spaces to ensure that a quiet atmosphere is maintained. It’s a pretty easy job, but one with lots of downtime-which means you will have plenty of time to catch up on reading, do homework or study for an exam.
Q16: What does the speaker say about college students applying for on-campus jobs?
Q17: What can students do to find a campus job according to the speaker?
Q18: What does the speaker say is a library monitor’s responsibility?
Passage Two
Agricultural workers in green tea fields near Mt. Kenya are gathering the tea leaves. It is beautiful to see. The rows of tea bushes are straight. All appears to be well. But the farmers who planted the bushes are worried. Nelson Kibara is one of them. He has been growing tea in the Kerugoya area for 40 years.
He says the prices this year have been so low that he has made almost no profit. He says he must grow different kinds of tea if he is to survive.
Mr. Kibara and hundreds of other farmers have been removing some of their tea bushes and planting a new kind of tea developed by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya. Its leaves are purple and brown. When the tea is boiled, the drink has a purple color. Medical researchers have studied the health benefits of the new tea. They say it is healthier than green tea and could be sold for a price that is three to four times higher than the price of green tea.
But Mr. Kibara says he has not received a higher price for his purple tea crop.
He says the market for the tea is unstable and he is often forced to sell his purple tea for the same price as green tea leaves. He says there are not enough buyers willing to pay more for the purple tea.
Q19. Why have tea farmers in Kenya decided to grow purple tea?
Q20. What do researchers say about purple tea?
Q21. What does Mr. Kibara find about purple tea?
Passage Three
Today's consumers want beautiful handcrafted s to wear and to have for their home environment. They prefer something unique and they demand quality. Craftsmen today are meeting this demand. People and homes are showing great change as more and more unique handcrafted items become available. Handcrafts are big business. No long does a good craftsman have to work in a job he dislikes all day and then try to create at night. He has earned his professional status. He is now a respected member of society. Parts of the fun of being a craftsman is meeting other craftsmen. They love to share their ideas and materials and help others find markets for their work. Craftsmen have helped educate consumers to make wise choices. They help them become aware of design and technique. They help them relate their choice to its intended use. They often involve consumers in trying the craft themselves. When a group of craftsmen expends to include more members, a small craft organization is formed. Such an organization does a lot in training workshops in special media, craft marketing techniques, craft fairs and sales, festivals, TV appearances and demonstrations. State art councils help sponsor local arts and crafts festivals which draw crowds of tourist consumers. This boosts the local economy considerably because tourists not only buy crafts, but they also use the restaurants and hotels and other services of the area.
Q22. What does the speaker say about today's consumers?
Q23. What does the speaker say about a good craftsman in the past?
Q24. What do craftsmen help consumers do?
Q25. Why do state art councilshelp sponsor local arts and crafts festivals?
阅读参考答案：
Section A
26. [E] challenges
27. [J] searched
28. [D] categorizing
29. [K] similarities
30. [L] slightly
31. [G] percentage
32. [O] traditional
33. [ I ] regardless
34. [H] proving
35. [M] suggests
Section B
36. [I]
37. [D]
38. [J]
39. [F]
40. [B]
41. [H]
42. [C]
43. [K]
44. [G]
45. [E]
Section C
passage one
46. [B] He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.
47. [C] It forces the customer to comensate the waiter.
48. [D] They can have some say in how much their servers earn.
49. [A] Services quality has little effect on tip size.
50. [D] Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers.
passage two
51. [C] The impact of cheap oil on global economic growth.
52. [D] Consumers will spend their savings from cheap oil on other commodities.
53. [C] They use their money reserves to back up consumption.
54. [B] Its negative effects more than cancel out its positive effects.
55. [A] People are not spending all the money they save on gas.
【翻译】
卷一：
红色
在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。
参考译文：
The color of red in Chinese culture usually means good luck, longevity and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and other joyous occasions. Cashes often in red envelopes are sent to family members or close friends as gifts. Its popularity can also be attributed the fact that people accociate it with Chinese revolution and Communist Party. However, it does not always equal to good luck and joy in that the name of the dead used to be written in red. Using red ink to write names of Chinese people were seen as an offense.
卷二：
黄色
在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。在封建(feudal)社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。
参考译文：
In Chinese culture, yellow is an important color because of its unique symbolic meaning. In feudal society, it symbolizes the rulers’ power and authority. At that time, yellow was designed to use for the emperor—the royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow too. However, the ordinary people were not allowed to wear yellow clothes. In China, yellow also signifies harvest. The fields grow golden yellow in autumn when the crops mature. People celebrate the harvest cheerfully. 解析：
1. 注意用词多样化，相同意思的词采用不同的英文单词，避免重复，如：本题中“象征”就分别用了symbolize和signify两个词。
2. 注意句式多样化，多采用一些关联词，如：because of, at that time, however等词的使用，可以让译文更地道。
3. 意译与直译相结合，首先要保证译文忠于原文，不要一味追求辞藻华丽。
卷三：
白色
随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。
参考范文：
With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or critically illed patients. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.
英语四级快速阅读解题技巧：
首先要明白：快速阅读的文章虽长(1200字，仔细阅读平均每篇330个字)，但是从内容上说，大都是通俗易懂的说明文，没有学术色彩和思想深度;从语言上来说，遣词造句都比较简单。所以，根本没必要害怕。个人以为，快速阅读应该比仔细阅读更容易拿分。
具体答题步骤如下：
第一步：浏览Skim ( 0.5分钟 – 2分钟 )
1.分析大标题(Brainstorm the Title)(5 – 10秒)目的：调动脑细胞，主动预测文章内容。
官方样题Landfills 的分析思路：land + fill = 土地填埋，加了s, 可能指多处填埋场地。在不认识这个单词的情况下(汉译：垃圾填筑地)，能想到这一层就算漂亮。
2006年12月真题Six Secrets of High-Energy People的分析思路：secrets：多数人不知道，一定新颖有趣;high-energy people 只能是指精力充沛的人，不可能是X战警。文章要告诉我们，那些人为什么精力充沛，希望我们学习他们的秘诀。
2006年6月真题Highways的分析思路：为什么要修建公路?怎么修建?公路有哪些功能?存在哪些问题?一般说明文的写作结构都是如此：计划 – 成形 – 功能 – 问题。例如：联合国的起因 – 联合国的成立 – 联合国的运作 – 联合国的问题。
2.分析小标题 (Tidy the Subtitles)(20 – 25秒) 目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。
官方样题：
Sub 1：How Much Trash Is Generated? 一看该段字数少，忽视
Sub 2：How Is Trash Disposed of? 关键字：处理
Sub 3：What Is a Landfill?
引进主题，字数增加，进入重点。推理：landfill 肯定是上面提到的一种垃圾处理方法
Sub 4：Proposing the Landfill
Landfill由新信息变成已知信息。关键字：Proposing 计划、建议
Sub 5：Building the Landfill 关键字：Building 修建
注意：前一段讲计划，这一段讲修建，联系紧密，可以合并
Sub 6：What happens to Trash in a Landfill? 关键字：What happens; 字数少，忽视
Sub 7：How Is a Landfill Operated? 关键字：Operated 如何运作。字数最多，包含的答案点也最多。重点段。
然后，总结文章结构，帮助答题时定位：第两段引起话题，中间三段讲建造，最后两段讲操作。提醒：整理小标题的时候不要阅读文章。
在个别情况下，文章没有小标题(如2006年6月)，这时须按下列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句 ------ 以下每一段的第一句 ------ 最后一段的第一句和最后一句。这种方法，意味着已经开始阅读，所以花的时间要长一些，但应该控制在两分钟之内。
警告：不要一上来就看后面的问题，对文章没有了解，后面的问题会让你摸不着头脑，增加挫折感。
第二步：审题(前7道) Examine & Tidy the Questions ( 1分钟 )
下面结合2006年12月的真题讲讲审题的窍门。我做这篇文章，浏览完大小标题之后，直接审题答题，根本不读原文，不到一分钟，前7道题全部命中。不是老潇有多神，这里面有个原则问题。什么原则呢?就是主题原则。也就是说：支持主题的，Yes;反对主题的，No;跑题的，NG。
而这篇文章的简单之处就在于，第一步浏览完毕后，我们对主题能有个清晰的把握，因为文章的倾向很明显，就是劝我们注意调整生活中的点点滴滴，从而增强活力。
把这个主题抓在手里!抓牢了!我们要像叼着骨头的饿狗一样警惕，像趴在大便上的苍蝇一样不松口，就算暂时被赶走，也会立刻重新着陆。主题，主题，主题，永远不要偏离主题!
下面是对各题的分析：
1.The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.
抓主语和谓语，迅速理解句子：能源危机指的是…?
记住：主语属于已知信息，是你到原文定位用的，它是locator 或localizer。常见的 locator 有数字和专有名词(人名、地名、组织名、国名等)。
Locator 可不是关键词(key word)。所谓关键词，就是你一句话读完，直觉上感到它最肯定的判断落在的那一两个词上。比如：潇如风是个好老师。直觉上，重点落在哪个词上呢?是“好”字吧?这个“好”字，就是关键词，你到原文查一查潇如风好还是不好就行了。这个“好”字，就是出题点。
所以，不要顾虑主语，主语无条件存在。要去找关键词，也就是出题点。出题点按频率从高到低排列依次是：宾语、状语、谓语、定语、表语。审题的时候，一句话读完，立刻就得把关键词勾出来。上手一定要快。
这道题的出题点就是宾语 a shortage of fossil fuels. 把它下划线。作者在问你，我这篇文章里提到的energy crisis 指的是真的“能源”吗?是矿物燃料，比方说天然气、煤或石油吗?
当然不是，浏览完小标题我们就能看出，文章主题是讲人的，而不是讲物的。所以，跟主题相左，No.
2.People these days tend to lack physical energy.
出题点在宾语physical energy：缺的是身体的能量吗?不可能，如果是，下面就要谈医学知识了，属于生理学，而主题明显是心理学。与主题相左，No.
3.Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contribute to one’s success in life.
出题点在宾语：情感的能量似乎很大，它能助你成功。强调人的精神，支持主题，Yes.
4.The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.
出题点在谓语believes，问作者是否赞成后面的宾语从句，首先我们得弄清楚这个从句命题的真伪：这个宾语从句中，又是情感的能量做主语，而我们需要考察的是表语，即到底情感的能量是不是天生的。
情感的能量是天生的吗?作者当然不这么认为。如果是，他 / 她何苦在这儿给我们出谋划策呢?我天生细胞萎靡，没救了，你还噜嗦1200字干吗?跟主题相左，No.
5.Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emotional energy.
Holy ----, 又是情感的能量!注意：3、4、5三道题谈论的都是emotional energy. 可见其在文中的重要地位，暗示作者十分提倡情操的培养。同时从反面证明，第2题说人们的体能不够，暗示要增加身体的能量，和主题是矛盾的。
本题的出题点在谓语can help increase … ：小变化能不能增加情感能量?别忘了，作者旨在鼓励我们，如果增加情感的能量那么困难，我们不就灰心了吗?要想增加情感的能量，从小事就可以做起。符合主题需要，Yes.
6.Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to help poor children.
出题点在方式状语 by …… ：Ivy是不是通过帮助别人，使自己的人生更加有意义了?当然，文章第2个小标题 Reclaim life’s meaning 和最后一个小标题Give to get 不是很好的证据吗?支持主题，Yes.
7.The real-estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.
出题点在表语。房地产经纪人的家装水平高低，与主题无关。跑题，NG;另外，同学们请看，前六道题还没有NG呢，这道题一定是NG。记住：七道题中，准有一道是NG，而且也只有一道。
最后，我们把大部分题目串起来，组成下面一段话：
所谓“能源危机”，并非指真的能源，也不是我们身体的能量，而是我们情感的能量。Laura Hillenbrand 就是很好的例子，她的情感能量使她获得了成功。情感能量并非天生，只要你留心改变一些生活细节，就能增加自己的情感能量。Ivy 帮助孩子，她的人生从此变得有意义。
妈妈，多么和谐统一又和蔼可亲的短文啊。
那么，对于主题不那么鲜明的文章，我们这种连猜带蒙的做法岂不要失灵了?其实，上面的
分析，旨在告诉你审题的时候要动脑子。只要肯动脑子，你会发现天下没有什么难事。别的
不敢说，我英语自学到现在，从来没觉得难学过，我做国际高智商协会(International High IQ Society )的智商测验，结果荣登low Intelligence (低智商)之列。所以，再笨的脑子，只要你肯动它，还是会感觉到答题时cut like a knife through bean curd (像快刀切豆腐一样顺畅)。
下面的答题技巧更具普遍性。
第三步：答题 Scan & Answer( 12 – 13.5分钟 )
一. 前七道 (9 – 10.5分钟)
循着上述思路审完前七道题以后，我们就开始利用localizers 定位答题。但是，有几条规律得告诉大家：
1. 第一题经常是主旨题。答题方法有三：1)把短文的小标题相加 2)留到最后再做 3)直接选Yes (只因No或者NG的主旨题不太好出而已)
2. 真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的。也就是说，第四题答案的位置绝不会在第三题前面(但模拟题远非如此，所以模拟题较难)。因此我们答题时，不要一道题一道题地答，而要两道两道地做，前后呼应，能更好地定位。审题时，我一再强调要把问题整理一下，就是为了把联系紧密的题捆绑在一起，然后到原文一举拿下。
3. Yes 的题是原句的同义词、反义词互换，这是老生常谈。下面我谈一下No和NG。
No 的题一般分三种：正面冲突(contradict)、偷梁换柱 (pilfer)、曲解原文(twist)。
与原文正面冲突的情况占90%。举例：
原文：United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries in landfill disposal.
问题：Compared with other major Industrialized countries, America buries a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills. (样题)
原文：There’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels.
问题：The energy crisis in America …… refers to a shortage of fossil fuels. (2006年真题)
原文：…and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using…adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or …
问题：National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921. (2006年真题)
偷梁换柱的情况占5%。举例：
原文：…a typical cancer patient has predictable attitude. She …feels depressed, upset, and angry.
问题：… have observed that a typical patient feels depressed, impatient and angry. (模拟题)
原文：Japan has effectively run out of low-wage workers …and, in some cases, beyond Western technological standards.
问题：The technological standards in many areas of Japan’s economy are superior to those in the West. (模拟题)
曲解原文的情况占5%。举例：
原文：They must be able to listen to delegates and to translate at the same time! This is a difficult but very important job. One small mistake could cause many problems.
问题：Translation for the UN General Assembly is a very important job because they must be able to listen and translate at the same time.
另外，包含绝对词(must, all, never…)的命题一般是No，包含相对词(may, can, possibly…)的命题一般是Yes。
四级阅读NG 的题远不如雅思那么让人欲吐而不得。中国人的思维方式毕竟比较一致。只提醒一条：我们有前后两道题做参照，所以，要相信自己的定位是准确的。如果在某一段里找不到相关信息，上一段或者下一段也不可能再出现了。这时，要果断地选NG。
二.后三道 (3分钟)
1.审题(参考第二步);
2.定位(当然到文章后面的段落找答案。注：文章后面，并不意味着肯定在前七道题的后面，比如，第8题的答案有可能在第7题的前面);
另外，密切注意空白前面紧挨着的词语。
3.答题。答题时请注意，你填的基本都是原文，但它出的题目可未必，很可能包含同义词替换，例如2006年6月的第10题：
The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition of ______________________.
定位词Localizer：rename 和Eisenhower，答案：his vision and leadership.
原文：The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. ( honor = in recognition of )
提醒：后三道题需要更强的概括能力，而且还得书写英文，小心名词的单复数、动词的语法变化，相对难一些，所以，要给足三分钟的时间。
最后送大家一句话：Do, or do not. There is no try.
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