[英语语法手册]情态动词--may, might

2012-08-02 14:48:49 英语

 maymight

may表示"允许""请求"

May I come in? Yesdo. 我可以进来吗?--请进。

May I borrow you raincoat? 我可以借用你的雨衣吗?

You may go now. 你现在可以走了。

You may ring us up any time during office hours.在办公时间你可以随时给我们打电话。

[] may表示"允许"的否定形式是must not(不应该,不许可)。如:

May I take this book out of the reading-room? Noyou mustn't. 我可以把这本书拿出阅览室吗? --不行。

may还可表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情"或许""可能"发生

We may call on you this evening.我们也许今天晚上来看你。

She may not go to the concert tonight.今晚她可能不去听音乐会了。

The news may or may not be true. 消息也许是真的,也许不是真的。

[] may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿,愿望如:

May you succeed.祝你成功

May you have a pleasant journey.一路平安。

mightmay的过去式

The speaker said we might ask him any question.作报告的人说我们可以向他提任何问题。

He said he might go to the Palace Museum on Sunday. 他说他星期天可能去参观故宫博物院。

[注一]night也可代替may,表示现在,但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。如:

He night not come today.今天他也许不来了。

Might I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议?

[注二]might用来表示现在时,还可表示"规劝",如:

You mightpay more attention to spoken English.你要更多地注意英语口语。

You might shut the windows. The wind is blowing so hard outside.关上窗户吧。外面风很大。

may (might)后加动词的完成式

表示对过去的推测,认为某一事情在过去"可能"发生。这里maymight都指过去,不过might较为含蓄委婉或更加不肯定(常用于肯定结构)。如:

Nick may (might) have gone to the library.尼克可能到图书馆去了。

Our manager may (might) have gone to Harbin last weekend.

我们的经理上周末可能已经去哈尔滨了。

She may (might) have missed the plane.她也许没赶上飞机。

[注一] maymight常用在so thatin order that所引导的目的状语从句中(现在英语中还经常用can)。如:

Write is in simple language in order that everybody may understand it. 为了大家都看得懂,你要用简明的文字写。

He diedso that others night 1iye.他为了别人而牺牲了。

[注三] might加动词的完成式,可说明某一事情在过去没有实现并含有"劝告"甚至"责备"的意思。如:

You might have told me earlier.你本来可以早点告诉我的。

You might have been more careful.你本来可以多加小心。

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